this post was submitted on 20 Nov 2023
111 points (98.3% liked)

Linux

46819 readers
1125 users here now

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).

Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.

Rules

Related Communities

Community icon by Alpár-Etele Méder, licensed under CC BY 3.0

founded 5 years ago
MODERATORS
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
111
A symptom of linux past traumas (slrpnk.net)
submitted 9 months ago by [email protected] to c/[email protected]
52 comments fedilink hide all child comments
 

So, I had to reinstall windows as a dualboot, because I need some CAD tools for work. It was painful but it's not thebaubject

I'm running nixos with systemd-boot and I installed windows on another drive. I started to research how to add the entry on the boot list so I don't need to go in bios to switch the boot order each time I want to change OS.

Most of the information I find is about grub on nixos but I finally find information on how to add a manual entry. On the Arch wiki I find some information but now I have to blend all that to make it work on my laptop.

It's late and I'm scared to mess up my boot partition so I go to sleep to work instructions on it the next day.

The next day I'm ready to do all that only to realized that there is already the entry for windows is already in the boot menu, it has been added automatically.

So I spent all this time to think about how I while have to adjust my system manually only to realize that nixos already did it automatically for me.

top 50 comments
sorted by: hot top controversial new old
[–] [email protected] 32 points 9 months ago* (last edited 9 months ago) (2 children)

When I dual boot Linux and Windows, I like to have two separate drives and not ever mix up the bootloaders. I then use my motherboards boot selector to choose which one, and I leave the main OS as the first priority one.

Works perfectly, avoids Windows overwriting Linux and avoids GRUB breaking for the 11th time this month because it's a terrible piece of software. The only downside is it takes 10 seconds longer, because whenever I want to change I need to wait for my motherboard to recognize the boot selection key.

[–] [email protected] 8 points 9 months ago (1 children)

When I need both Linux and Windows, I like to have at least one of them locked up in a VM so that they can never even sniff each other :-)

[–] [email protected] 2 points 9 months ago (2 children)

Out of curiosity, do you VM the Windows or the Linux? I know Windows really doesn't play well with bootloaders.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 9 months ago

Whatever is needed.

My preference is Linux as the base system, then several VM's with both Linuxes and Windoses inside. Proxmox on the base system makes it easy.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 9 months ago (1 children)

I tried via a VM but CAD applications need a GPU and doing a GPU pass through with a nvidia card on my laptop was too much for me.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 9 months ago

I totally get it but KVM/qumu is really awesome. Well worth the setup time IMHO.

load more comments (1 replies)
[–] [email protected] 21 points 9 months ago (2 children)

Most distros will run the grab is prober and add the additional entries.

[–] [email protected] 25 points 9 months ago (2 children)

Pretty sure you meant "grub os prober" and got auto corrected for anyone confused.

[–] [email protected] 10 points 9 months ago (1 children)

Grab-ass prober, myummy

[–] [email protected] 5 points 9 months ago (1 children)

Grub ass

[–] [email protected] 3 points 9 months ago

No u

[–] [email protected] 3 points 9 months ago

Yes 🤣🤣

[–] [email protected] 7 points 9 months ago* (last edited 9 months ago) (1 children)

Yeah but they're using systemd-boot which probably just looks up the EFI partition. Also, most distros probably run os-prober only after kernel updates or manually.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 9 months ago (1 children)

Nixos runs it on every rebuild

[–] [email protected] 2 points 9 months ago

Ah, yeah, that makes sense.

[–] jbrains 17 points 9 months ago

This reminds me of my first week running Mac OS and searching increasingly frantically for an uninstall script for an application I'd installed.

Oh.

Drag to trash. Really? OK.

[–] [email protected] 16 points 9 months ago (2 children)

If you have a choice - use Onshape. Fully featured CAD system, on par with SolidWorks and such, works perfectly on Linux out of the box.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 9 months ago (2 children)

I will try it.

It's more expensive than Fusion360 but if its working well I might be interested.

[–] captain_aggravated 3 points 9 months ago

I've seen Fusion360 in the Snap store.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 9 months ago

There is a free tier with limitation that your designs are open for others to see. Not ideal, but perfectly fine for tinkering.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 9 months ago

FreeCAD

[–] Dups 12 points 9 months ago

My condolences

[–] [email protected] 9 points 9 months ago (2 children)

I want to like nixos but the documentation is trash.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 9 months ago

Indeed, the best way to learn how to do something that doesn't have a good writeup somewhere, is to search GitHub for nix code.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 9 months ago

Yeah, I literally learnt how nix works through guix documentations.

[–] [email protected] 9 points 9 months ago (2 children)

Assuming that you are dualbooting from a single storage device - If you have some money to spare go and buy a second ssd. Keeping both OSes in separate storage devices will result in far lesser chances of screwing up.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 9 months ago (1 children)

Though take heed for windows will always find a way to mess up your bootloader.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 9 months ago* (last edited 9 months ago)

install linux After Windows and with its own boot partition. if it has foreign OS probe it finds windows and adds a chainloader grub entry. Set linux as default in bios. Windows never knows it is chainloaded and leaves your linux boot alone

load more comments (1 replies)
[–] [email protected] 8 points 9 months ago (1 children)

I always get a Clonezilla image made before I do any major changes, which I find takes the anxiety out of situations like this.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 9 months ago (1 children)

Make sure you test out those images every so often too. I recently got a new computer and used clonezilla to copy a system over, only to find btrfs restores fail spectacularly without warning until you boot into them.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 9 months ago

Exactly. A backup isn't safe until it's tested.

I've been avoiding btrfs for reasons like that.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 9 months ago (1 children)

Why not installing windows in a vm?

[–] [email protected] 3 points 9 months ago (2 children)

Not OP, but didnt work for me. I dont know how to passtrough gpu (or not possible with single gpu?) and performance is so bad its unusable

[–] [email protected] 1 points 9 months ago

Yeah this was my issue too.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 9 months ago* (last edited 9 months ago) (1 children)

I'm curious about this as well, have had trouble getting it to work well and wondering if I need a second gpu to pass through... But if that's the case, what does it do for cpu? Pass through some of the cores? Same with ram?

Honestly I've just been having better luck running things via proton... Got fusion 360 running fine in bottles with proton ge.

[–] hubobes 2 points 9 months ago

Yes and yes, theoretically you can somehow get single GPU passtrough working but it was never a clean solution for me. CPU and RAM must be shared though.

I am running a 4070 Ti and a 4060 Ti (for the VM trough Looking Glass) and a 5800X3D of which 6 cores and 24GB of RAM go to the VM. Allows me to play any modern AAA game at 1440p perfectly fine. And since there are 2 GPUs I can still use Gnome and run programs like Discord on Linux. But I only use the VM if wine/proton can’t run it.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 9 months ago

systemd-boot discovers windows automatically, no need for configuration.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 9 months ago (1 children)

Man, I want to dual boot, but I'm scared shitless. I don't want windows to fuck my 1.5 years work on my current set up. VM for now until I find a solid and "complete moron" proof tutorial to go forward.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 9 months ago (1 children)

keep doing what you're doing; if you need to get whatever runs in windows out of a vm and on 'bare metal'--get a separate system for that and network the two to share files, if needed.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 9 months ago

I actually do have a laptop that runs windows. It has that shit hybrid Intel/Nvidia graphics that never worked out on linux so I had to put windows back on it. But I don't/can't play games on the laptop, it's very weak and nothing works on it. My PC is pretty decent and I was thinking I can get a separate drive for windows in case I needed it for a game or something. I don't know. It's just an idea for now, nothing really major. I hate changing set ups/distro-hopping. Been working on this same endeavour OS install for over a year and it fits my needs perfectly except for the occasional games that just don't run on Linux. Or a program like yesterday when I bought a new mechanical keyboard (red dragon) and there is no software for it on Linux. It didn't even work through wine and other means. Ya know, shit like that.

[–] Dr_Willis 3 points 9 months ago

two little tips:

you can backup your EFI partitions, in case you mess them up. I find it a good idea to back them up in any case, I have had EFI partitions get Filesystem corruption.

also the tool rEFInd can work as an alternative boot menu it has the ability to scan the entire system and show all found Bootable OS at boot time.

So with rEFInd, you install it, set it as the default, and it should show windows automatically.

it looks nicer than systemd-boot and grub as well. And it can even show bootable USB flash drives, and has a few other features.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 9 months ago (2 children)

FreeCAD is a lot more okay than people give it credit for. Perhaps I just remember back to the early days when it was basically unusable.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 9 months ago (1 children)

It kind of is, but also kind of isn't. Don't get me wrong I love FreeCAD to bits and it's basically the only CAD program I use these days, but also the recommended workflow is not how any other CAD program works and is a crutch for the topo naming problem. Hopefully it's a whole other world once topo naming is sorted.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 9 months ago

Yeah, it definitely still has a long way to go. I remember back in 2012 it felt impossible to even do basic 3d modeling, but that was more than 10 years ago.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 9 months ago

I really want FreeCAD to work so I can get away from paying Autodesk for Fusion360.

My impression on FreeCAD is that I could probably get the result I want but I would spend most of my time fighting the software. I can't justify to spend 3 time longer on FreeCAD than Fusion360

[–] [email protected] 2 points 9 months ago (1 children)

Yeah this isn't really much of an issue with EFI now. You can change boot order in the BIOS and things are way less likely to get overwritten or broken. You can even have 2 EFI partitions if it's something your concerned about.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 9 months ago

The only time I got my grub overwritten was when I have to update bios/firmware from Windows. After bios/firmware update, the update app always restore windows boot manager and I need to reinstall grub from live environment.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 9 months ago (1 children)

Yeah, I was about to say when I read the first part. Adding windows manually is quite an old thing. Modern linux setups with grub2 will "find" the EFI loader for windows and add it automatically.

I lost my grub loader when I upgraded hardware recently. But, I just booted into a linux USB, chroot (remembering to mount /boot/efi) and re-run grub install/grub update. That didn't find windows. But, it was fine because I just properly booted into linux and ran grub-update again there, and it found it fine.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 9 months ago* (last edited 9 months ago) (1 children)

I have sometimes the other way around: Grub keeps working fine but Win11 update reboots and looses the Bitlocker Key.

Have it on my phone just in case and needed it six times now. Quite tedious to put it in but doable

[–] [email protected] 2 points 9 months ago

Hmm, only bios/firmware updates are meant to do that. Some hardware changes will too. I mean, it's what it's there for.

load more comments
view more: next ›