Typically solid materials don't allow liquids to pass through them. When this happens it's because the tile is getting damaged and will eventually break; the wiki explains how it happens, but to keep it short, it depends on the liquid and the solid.
That basin doesn't look specially big, so if you want to stop the leakages, you probably could do it by surrounding it with normal tiles, usually they're more resistant than natural tiles. Diagonal building helps wonders in this situation (so the water doesn't flow out of the basin while you're strengthening it).