this post was submitted on 11 Jun 2023
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Great work on the map! I find the orientation of the cardinal directions very interesting. My first thought was that is how 12th century maps used them, but I couldn't find any with the cardinal directions on them. What caused you to rotate them like that?
They usually used latin, hebrew, or other languages rather than what we would use, probably. If you check, you may see that they've done that. Or it may be one of those things where it was just an assumed orientation.
In the case of using East at the top, it was not uncommon because East is the direction the sun rises. So, you'd orient them east. We use compasses now, but they didn't necessarily have them back when many of these maps were made. So, the most consistent landmark may have been a star, probably the sun. I know of old maps made by the Hebrews that set Jurusalem at the center, with east as the top as well. I imagine some maps may have even included constellations, though I that's just a guess, and I have no evidence for it.