It's just shrimple compound words and maybe agglutination. You can form words decently synthetically (although not very agglutinatively) in English to an extent too – in fact, English loves affixes quite a lot despite generally being more analytic than synthetic. For example, I now will demonstrate bipreindefenestratability. A word you might actually be able to find in dictionaries is "propreantepenultimate". Then there's words like "goodbye", formed from "God be with ye".

Another similar concept that doesn't go as far as agglutination is compound words, which English also likes (often times they may have a hyphen or space between them in writing though, rather than just being glued together).

Germanic languages (including Old English and Old Norse) used to all have extensive compound word formation, but it has slowly became less and less pronounced of a grammatical feature over time in most languages. Another comment mentions German "Handschuh" ("Hand" + "Schuh", handshoe), there's also Dutch "handschoen" and Luxembourgish "Händsch"; well Old English had "handscōh" ("hand" + "sċōh", handshoe). Plus Modern English words like "handkerchief" (hand + kerchief/coverchef).