I never had a problem even with the cheapest cards, but it is best to find a camera that can upload to a network share.
Data Hoarder
We are digital librarians. Among us are represented the various reasons to keep data -- legal requirements, competitive requirements, uncertainty of permanence of cloud services, distaste for transmitting your data externally (e.g. government or corporate espionage), cultural and familial archivists, internet collapse preppers, and people who do it themselves so they're sure it's done right. Everyone has their reasons for curating the data they have decided to keep (either forever or For A Damn Long Time (tm) ). Along the way we have sought out like-minded individuals to exchange strategies, war stories, and cautionary tales of failures.
There won’t be any damage. Worst case, the video files might get deleted.
SD cards are considered one of the least reliable forms of data storage. They wear out quickly compared to things like SSDs or hard drives.
There can be differences between different SD card brands and manufacturers. Sometimes things labeled “high endurance” can be just a firmware difference in the same physical device. Although, that may offer some improvement.
Overall, most quality SD cards from reputable brands (not the cheapest) work okay. If you’re worried about losing footage, connecting the camera to a local NVR (computer that saves video recordings) is the next step up in reliability.
After x months the standard SD card will fail. After y months the endurance SD card will fail. It is likely that y is a larger number than x.
Video will then no longer be recorded and the camera will, perhaps, behave as if no SD card is inserted. Or it will explode in a small thermonuclear detonation. YMMV.
I have a Reolink RLC-520, that I got in Apr 2020. It's had a 32GB card in it and it's been fine. No idea how it's lasted this long, but it's at my front door which does see lots of traffic, but it still works. The SD card was nothing special either, just a bog standard one.