this post was submitted on 03 Jun 2024
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Cost. The main driver was always cost.
The PS1 succeeded for a wide variety of reasons, but arguably the most crucial one was that games cost $1 to put on shelves. That's the whole thing: box, manual, disc, and all underlying processes and shipping. N64 cartridges cost about $10 for just the cartridge, and that's before negotiating for larger ROM chips or battery-backed SRAM.
The only expensive part of CD mastering is the mold. The features are so small they cause diffraction in the visible light spectrum. But Sony had been cranking out music and software for a decade, after co-inventing the format, so... not a big deal for them. They didn't even pay licensing, when they squished a couple cents of glass into the shape of a $60 game. They could turn a CD-R into ten thousand units in like two weeks. Nintendo's lead time was three months.
Even if a modern game took six Blu-Ray disks, it'd probably be cheaper than an appropriate SD Card, or even that quantity of mask ROM. The real reason we moved away from optical media is that these prick developers kept shipping 100 GB game on glass, and then still required a 100 GB day-one patch that just overwrites everything. Even though half the reason games got so fat is content duplication, to prevent slow loading from disc!