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The original was posted on /r/datahoarder by /u/skreak on 2024-01-21 21:07:01+00:00.
I have quite a few older HDD ranging in sizes from 500GB to 3TB. I'm thinking about using as cold storage backups for my main NAS. Looking for what people doing for the same and what their strategies are.
My NAS is a 36TB (23tb used) raidz2 pool with automated snapshots and unencrypted volumes for each category of data. (Linux ISO's, homedirs, music, roms, personal photos, etc). I automated backup of the important/irreplacable stuff to a 3tb disk elsewhere on a rpi4. (warm backup). I do have a 2 bay USB/Sata dock for quickly popping disks in and out, and another single disk sata/usb adapter.
My initial idea is use pairs of matching sized disks. First run badblocks and validate each disks is healthy. On each of them make a small vfat volume with a README and other details about what the disks contains and how to access it should someone in the distant future who isn't me try to read the disks on a windows box. On the remaining space make a mirrored ZFS pool with both disks. For volumes that can easily fit entirely on one set of disks (like my /home is only 600GB) use zfs send/recv and add encryption on the receiving end. On sets too large to fit, instead create new encrypted volumes and rsync the data over, splitting the volumes up alphabetically and fitting as much as I can. The README will contain information on where to find the decryption keys. Afterwards catalog and name each disk with post-it notes (coldbackup-1a and 1b). Keep a running copy of what is on each pair of disks and when it was last scrubbed in a central document. Then store the drives in static bags with silica packets in my basement (cool, steady temperature, and relatively dry). And make calendar events so every 2 to 3 years I go through and scrub all the disks and replace as needed. On super irreplacable stuff (family photos and the like) maybe I even use a 3-way mirror using another sata-usb cable i have.
Thoughts? What would you do differently? Is encrypting backups a bad idea even if I make sure that Key's are recoverable (i may even print out QR codes on paper in addition to KeePass). Is there a benefit to settings copies=2 in a 2way mirror for this use case?